IP-10/CXCL10  also known as CXCL10, is originally identified as an IFN-γ-inducible gene in monocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. It has since been shown that IP-10 mRNA is also induced by LPS, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12 and viruses. Additional cell types that have been shown to express IP-10 include activated T-lymphocytes, splenocytes, keratinocytes, osteoblasts, astrocytes, and smooth muscle cells. IP-10 is also expressed in psoriatic and lepromatous lesions of skin. The mouse homologue of human IP-10, Crg-2, has been cloned and shown to share approximately 67% amino acid sequence identity with human IP-10.Recombinant human IP-10/CXCL10 (rhIP-10)  produced in E. coli is a single non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 78 amino acids. A fully biologically active molecule, rhIP-10 has a molecular mass of 8.6kDa analyzed by reducing SDS-PAGE and is obtained by proprietary chromatographic techniques at ExCell Bio.