Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 7 (is also known as Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF)), a member of FGF family, is initially found to be secreted from mesenchymal cells to repair epithelial tissues. As a well-characterized paracrine growth factor for tissue growth and regeneration, fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) is involved in a number of physiological and pathological processes, including lung disease and cancer. The stromal-derived FGFs, such as FGF7 and FGF10, control epithelial cell resident FGFR2IIIb activities, promote net tissue homeostasis, and restraint tumor cells from progression to malignancy.