Product Highlight

• Configuration-specific monoclonal antibody that recognizes Gα_z-GTP, but not Gα_z-GDP
• The only available Gα_z?activation assay kit directly measures the level of Gα_z-GTP
• Providing reliable results with consistent reproducibility than other Gα_z?activation assay kits based on certain downstream signaling pathways
• Providing shorter experimental time
• Could be used to monitor the activation of Gα_z?in cells and in tissues by immunohistochemistry

Product Description

A structurally diverse repertoire of ligands, from photons to large peptides, activates G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to elicit their physiological functions. Ligand-bound GPCRs, in turn, function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors catalyzing the exchange of GDP bound on the Ga subunit with GTP in the presence of Gβγ, causing the dissociation of the Ga subunit from the Gβγ dimer to form two functional units (Ga and Gβγ). Both Ga and Gβγ subunits signal to various cellular signaling pathways. Based on the sequence and functional homologies, G proteins are grouped into four families: Gs, Gi, Gq, and G12.

Gα_i?family (including Gα_z) is the largest family of G proteins. They relay signals from many GPCRs to regualte various biological functions. There were no direct methods to measure the activation of Gα_z?proteins by receptors (until this assay kit). Most reports used one of the downstream pathway, i.e. the inhibition of adenylyl cyclases, as a readout.

NewEast Biosciences Gα_z?Activation Assay Kit provides a direct measurement of the activation of Gα_z?proteins. This is a simple and fast tool to monitor the activation of Gα_z. Each kit provides sufficient quantities to perform 20 assays.

NewEast Biosciences Gα_z?Activation Assay Kit is based on the monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing the active GTP-bound Gα_z?proteins. This monoclonal antibody has much lower affinity towards the inactive Gα_z?proteins. Therefore, after activation by receptor signals, active GTP-bound Gα_z?proteins could be immunoprecipitated by this monoclonal antibody and further quantified by western blot with another anti- Gα_z?antibody.

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Assay Principle

NewEast Biosciences Gα_z?Activation Assay Kit is an immunoprecipitation/western blot assay to measure the levels of active GTP-bound Gα_z?proteins, either from cell extracts or from in vitro GTPγS loaded Gα_zproteins. Briefly, the anti-active Gα_z?monoclonal antibody will specifically bind to active Gα_z?protein. This antibody/Gα_z?complex will then be pulled down by protein A/G agarose. The precipitated active Gα_z?proteins will be detected by immunoblots with another anti-Gα_z?antibody.