期刊：Plant Physiology
主題：線粒體丙酮酸載體調控植物耐鎘的機理
標題：Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carriers Prevent Cadmium Toxicity by Sustaining the TCA Cycle and Glutathione Synthesis
影響因子：5.949
監測指標：Cd2+流速
檢測部位：擬南芥根（距離根尖400μm）
Cd2+流速流實驗處理方法：
擬南芥種子萌發3天后，50μMCdCl2處理7天
Cd2+流速流實驗測試液成份：
0.1 mM KCl, 0.05 mM CdCl2, 0.3 mM MES, pH 5.8
作者：山東大學、山東省農科院張偉、高建偉、賀立龍
英文摘要
Cadmium (Cd) is a major heavy metal pollutant, and Cd toxicity is a serious cause of abiotic stress in the environment. Plants protect themselves against Cd stress through a variety of pathways.
In a recent study, we found that mitochondrial pyruvate carriers (MPCs) are involved in Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Following the identification of MPCs in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in 2012, most studies have focused on the function of MPCs in animals, as a possible approach to reduce the risk of cancer developing.
The results of this study show that AtMPC protein complexes are required for Cd tolerance and prevention of Cd accumulation in Arabidopsis. AtMPC complexes are composed of two elements, AtMPC1 and AtMPC2 (AtNRGA1 or AtMPC3). When the formation of AtMPCs was interrupted by the loss of AtMPC1, glutamate could supplement the synthesis of acetyl-coenzyme A and sustain the TCA cycle. With the up-regulation of glutathione synthesis following exposure to Cd stress, the supplementary pathway could not efficiently drive the tricarboxylic acid cycle without AtMPC. The ATP content decreased concomitantly with the deletion of tricarboxylic acid activity, which led to Cd accumulation in Arabidopsis.
More importantly, ScMPCs were also required for Cd tolerance in yeast. Our results suggest that the mechanism of Cd tolerance may be similar in other species.
中文摘要（谷歌機翻）
鎘（Cd）是一種主要的重金屬污染物，Cd毒性是環境中非生物脅迫的嚴重原因。植物通過各種途徑保護自己免受Cd脅迫。
在最近的一項研究中，我們發現線粒體丙酮酸載體（MPCs）參與擬南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）的Cd耐受。繼2012年在酵母（釀酒酵母）中鑒定MPC后，大多數研究都集中在MPCs在動物體內的功能，作為降低癌癥發展風險的可能方法。
該研究的結果表明，AtMPC蛋白復合物是擬南芥中Cd耐受和預防Cd積累所必需的。AtMPC復合物由兩種元素組成，AtMPC1和AtMPC2（AtNRGA1或AtMPC3）。當AtMPC的形成中斷AtMPC的形成時，谷氨酸可以補充乙酰輔酶A的合成并維持TCA循環。隨著暴露于Cd脅迫后谷胱甘肽合成的上調，補充途徑不能在沒有AtMPC的情況下有效地驅動三羧酸循環。隨著三羧酸活性的缺失，ATP含量同時下降，導致擬南芥中Cd的積累。
更重要的是，ScMPCs也是酵母中Cd耐受性所必需的。我們的研究結果表明，其他物種的鎘耐受機制可能相似。
結果表明：結果表明：在50μMCdCl2處理下，mpc1-1根系中的Cd2+吸收遠高于野生型和互補株系（圖C和D））。
結果表明：通過在野生型和mpc1-1的根中添加1mM ATP，Cd2+吸收受到顯著影響并變為外排。此外，野生型的Cd2+流速變化比mpc1-1更明顯。野生型Cd2+流速從大約-10pmolcm-2s-1變為70pmol cm-2s-1，而mpc1-1從大約-20pmolcm-2s-1變為20pmol cm-2s-1（圖b和c）。在MPC存在下，ATP有助于Cd2+的外排。
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